Very often Acts 15:36-41 was quoted as an example of how church leaders can handle disputes. Paul and Barnabas had a dispute about taking John Mark or not on their second missionary trip. People would say that they agreed to disagree, departed to separate trips. The Lord bless them and used them both. It was a good way to handle disagreements.

However, there was actually two disagreements recorded in Acts 15.

Acts 15:1-31 recorded the dispute and handling of the Jerusalem council. This much longer passage about a dispute gives a much needed insight to the handling of disputes. The topic is about if circumcision is required for salvation.

For resolution:

They chose to discuss it openly, and continue to testify the grace of God (v3)

The passage did not record the reasoning from either Paul or Barnabas, whose opinion was obvious. But it recording the points from two interesting persons instead.

Peter testified. From the bottom of his heart, he actually had reservations the gentiles (Gal 2:11-14). Yet he share only the works the God and His plan, especially about his encountering with the Gentile and the affirmation of the Holy Spirit (Acts 10).

James testified. This James is not John’s brother, one of the 12 disciples, for he was already killed by Herod (Acts 12:1). It would be really interesting if this is the half brother of Jesus, a church leader and the writer of the book of James. The theme of the book of James is that salvation is by faith that is demonstrated by works. It is interesting for him who is emphasizing outside actions to affirm that circumcision is not required for salvation.

The key is not to voice out our personal opinions, but the works and message of God to us.

The result is the unity of the Church, brothers are strengthened and teaching and preaching continues.